Strength of underlying structure
For the Rs. 10.00 Cr. transactions:
The Rs 10.00 Cr transactions have a PCE in the form of unconditional, irrevocable, payable on demand guarantee by Northern Arc covering 18 percent of the issue size of facilities. The level of guarantee as a percentage of the aggregate outstanding principal of the facilities is, however, capped at 24 percent. If due to the amortization of the facility, the credit enhancement percent exceeds 24 percent of the aggregate outstanding principal of the facility, the Guarantee Cap shall be reduced to 24 percent of the aggregate outstanding principal of the facility (Revised Guarantee Cap).
SFPL shall make payments of interest and principal amounts due along with all other obligations (if any) under the Transaction Document on T-3 business days. In the event of failure of the Issuer to comply, on T-3 Business Days, the Trustee shall invoke the PCE and the credit enhancement shall be dipped on T-1 Business days.
The facility shall be secured by way of a first ranking, exclusive and continuing charge on identified receivables. The Hypothecated Receivables shall at all times be equal to the value of 1.1 times the outstanding amounts of the facility. In case of Issuer rating (as per Rating Agency’s view) downgrade to below BBB-, the Borrower will ensure that the percentage of outstanding principal value of PAR > 0 loans in the hypothecated pool does not exceed 15 percent of the outstanding principal value of the hypothecated pool. Acuité believes that the structure provides adequate covenants to safeguard the interest of the investors.
For the Rs. 50.00 Cr. transaction:
The Rs 50.00 Cr transaction has a PCE in the form of unconditional, irrevocable, payable on demand guarantee by Northern Arc covering 20 percent of the issue size of facility. The level of guarantee as a percentage of the aggregate outstanding principal of the facility is, however, capped at 35 percent. If due to the amortization of the facility, the credit enhancement percent exceeds 35 percent of the aggregate outstanding principal of the facility, the Guarantee Cap shall be reduced to 35 percent of the aggregate outstanding principal of the facility (Revised Guarantee Cap). Additionally, the transaction structure is supported by a cash collateral of 2.5 percent of the outstanding loan amount.
SFPL shall make payments of interest and principal amounts due along with all other obligations (if any) under the Transaction Document on T-4 business days. In the event of failure of the Issuer to comply, on T-3 Business Days, the Trustee shall invoke the PCE and the credit enhancement shall be dipped on T-1 Business days.
The facility shall be secured by way of a first ranking, exclusive and continuing charge on identified receivables. The Hypothecated Receivables shall at all times be equal to the value of 1.075 times the outstanding amounts of the facility. In case of Issuer rating (as per Rating Agency’s view) downgrade to below BBB-, non-maintenance of security cover, non-payment by Borrower, and cross default of the borrower, the Borrower and Guarantors shall be jointly and severally liable to also transfer the collections from the security pool to the Lender on T-4 Business Days. Acuité believes that the structure provides adequate covenants to safeguard the interest of the investors.
Experienced management supported by diverse and reputed investors
SFPL commenced its microfinance operations in 2006, extending micro-credit to women borrowers engaged in income generating activities under Joint Liability Group (JLG) model. SFPL commenced its operations in Uttar Pradesh and over the years has expanded its presence in other states namely Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Punjab, Maharashtra and Jharkhand. The company has a presence in 144 districts with a network of 485 branches with an asset under management (AUM) of Rs. 1,850.60 Cr. as on September 30, 2022.
SFPL is promoted by Mr. Anup Kumar Singh (MD & CEO), who has an experience of over two decades in micro finance segment. Mr. Anup Kumar Singh has been instrumental in raising funds from marquee institutional investors like Caspian Impact Investment, SIDBI, Creation Investments Social Ventures, India Financial Inclusion Fund, Michael & Susan Dell Foundation, Societe De Promotion Et De Participation Pour La Cooperation Economique, Triodos amongst others with representation on the board. Mr. Anup Kumar Singh is supported by seasoned and experienced professionals in managing the operations of the company.
SFPL’s AUM as on September 30, 2022 stood at Rs. 1,850.60 Cr. (Rs. 1,504.16 Cr. as March 31, 2021 and Rs. 1,755.01 Cr. as on March 31, 2020). The AUM comprised of owned portfolio of Rs. 1,420.09 Cr. (~76.7 percent of AUM) and off-book exposure of Rs. 430.51 Cr. (~23.3 percent of AUM) as on September 30, 2022. The company takes offbook exposure through Business Correspondence model and Direct Assignment.
Acuite believes that SFPL’s business and credit profile will be supported by an established presence in its area of operations and expectation of continued support from the existing investors over the near term.
Comfortable capital structure with diversified funding mix
SFPL’s networth stood at Rs. 305.76 Cr. as on September 30, 2022. The company’s leverage indicators stood at 4.71 times as on September 30, 2022 (4.23 times as on March 31, 2021 and 4.49 times as on March 31, 2020). SFPL’s capital adequacy ratio (CAR) remained comfortable at 20.53 percent as on September 30, 2022. The company has a strong lender profile comprising Banks and Financial Institutions, with total debt of Rs. 1,388.19 Cr. as on March 31, 2022. SFPL’s borrowing profile comprised Term loans (~55 percent), Sub-debt (~3 percent), ECB’s (~11 percent) and NCD’s (~30 percent) as on March 31, 2022. The ability to raise debt by microfinance companies remains challenging due to a very selective and cautious approach adopted by Banks and NBFC/FIs. However, SFPL has demonstrated access to funding from both Banks and large NBFC/FIs.
Acuité believes, going forward, the ability of the company to mobilise additional lower cost funding through debt/ sub debt and its ability to deploy the funds profitably will be a key rating monitorable.
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Moderate geographic concentration; susceptibility to risks inherent to microfinance segment
SFPL’s operations are moderately concentrated with Uttar Pradesh accounting for ~46 per cent of its AUM as on September 30, 2022 followed by Bihar at ~25 percent and Madhya Pradesh at ~19 percent. While the company is gradually expanding into other neighbouring states, there is an overall concentration of the lending business with the above three states comprising ~90 percent of AUM. Generally, the risk profile of a microfinance company with a geographically diversified portfolio is more resilient compared to that of an entity with a geographically concentrated portfolio. The company's performance is expected to remain exposed to the occurrence of events such as natural calamities, which may adversely impact the credit profile of the borrowers. Besides geography, the company will be exposed to any changes in the regulatory framework.
Acuité believes that containing additional slippages while maintaining the growth in the loan portfolio will be key rating sensitivity.
Moderation in asset quality and profitability metrics
While SFPL has demonstrated healthy asset quality in the past with low Gross Non-Performing Assets (GNPA), the company’s asset quality has deteriorated on account of Covid-19 induced lockdowns and disruptions. During FY2021 and Q1FY2022, SFPL had witnessed significant deterioration in asset quality with on-time portfolio declining to 65.75 percent and GNPA at 10.77 percent as on June 30, 2021 as compared to ontime portfolio of 86.15 percent and GNPA of 6.30 percent as on March 31, 2021. While Acuite takes cognizance of asset quality stress in the MFI sector due to ongoing pandemic, some MFIs have been more affected due to diverse factors like geographic presence and disruption in economic activities therein, customer profile, rural urban mix etc. With the lifting of lockdowns, the ontime portfolio saw an improvement as on June 30, 2022 with 89.69 percent vis a vis 65.75 percent as on June 30, 2021.
The lockdowns and economic disruptions had slowed down the process of scaling up of operations, thereby, affecting the return metrics. SPFL’s profitability metrices were subdued marked by Return on Average Assets (RoAA) at 0.29 percent as on March 31, 2021 (0.94 percent as on March 31, 2020). Decline in Net Interest Margin (NIM) was also seen at 7.81 percent as on March 31, 2021 as compared to 11.80 percent as on March 31, 2020. However, as on March 31, 2022 the company reported a PAT of Rs. 13.62 Cr. as compared to Rs. 4.39 Cr. in FY21. The RoAA and NIM for FY2022 stood at 0.85 percent and 9.66 percent respectively. Further, for H1FY23, the company reported a PAT (provisional) of Rs. 6.48 Cr. Acuité believes that SFPL’s ability to improve its overall collection efficiency while containing elevated stress in asset quality along with sustaining profitability will be key monitorable.
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